In this unit,
students should master the following:
1. Passive voice
2. Some useful
words and expressions in this unit
3. How to express
uncertainty
4. Something
concerning consumers’ complaints and rights
5. How to write a letter of complaint and a note of accepting an invitation
6. Some attitude words and expressions
1. Passive voice involving the
modal auxiliary have to, passive voice in SVoO sentences, passive voice
involving some verb phrases, It is reported structure
2. Some language focal points
4. How to express
uncertainty
5. How to use some attitude
words and phrases
6. How to write a note of
accepting an invitation and how to write a letter of complaint
III. The
main teaching methods:
★ Necessary explanations and demonstrations
★ Tape Listening
★ Dialogue-presentation
and role play
★ Pair work, group
work and discussions
1. Language structures
Step 1: Some
necessary explanation of the structure
The passive sentence
1. Passive sentence involving the modal auxiliary have to
2. Converted from the active sentence with a direct and an indirect object
When a sentence with the direct and indirect object is converted into a
passive one, usually it is the indirect object that becomes the subject of the
passive verb. Of course it is not wrong to use the indirect object as the
subject. Thus we have two ways to deal with this kind of sentences
e.g. Do they pay her anything extra?
Usually: Is she paid anything extra for overtime?
Also: Is anything paid to her for overtime
3.Involving the verb phrase / phrasal verb
When a verb phrases is converted into passive form, don’t drop the adverb
or the preposition
e.g. Students in class one made use of many reference books
many reference
books have been made of by the students in class One.
4.fomed by the They say / It is said. . . patterns
They say/It is
said that three parks will
be expanded.
People say and they say are not passive
structure, but they are often used as an informal substitute for the passive
construction It is said.
Step 2: Listening to the tape and complete the
dialogues
Step 3: language note
Step 3: Some substitution practice
Step 4: Students pair work on some given cues
Step 1: A student delivers his daily report
Step 2: Listening to the recording
Step 3:The teacher asks some questions concerning
rude manners
1. What kind of behavior is considered
as uncivil? Can you list some examples?
2 . How should young people
behave? What’s your opinion?
3. How do you behave when bus 4
is late?
Step 4: study of some key words and expressions
1. Farewell, a formal word for
goodbye
2. Manner, social behavior;
habits and customs
2. Ignore; pay no attention to
3. Preoccupied, absorbed in
thought
4. Unblushingly, shamelessly
5. Code, systematic collection
of regulations and rules of procedure or conduct
6．Conscientious， a. (of people or conduct) careful
to do one ought to do, and do it as well as one can（指人或行为）认真的，负责的，刻苦的
e.g. She is an excellent student — bright, attentive and
conscientious. 她是一个
[derivation] conscientiousness
n. 认真负责
7．renovate v. restore (esp. old buildings) to
good condition 修复（尤指建筑物），整修
[derivation] renovation n. 修复，整修
e.g. This college is
under renovation. 这所学院正在进行修复。
[comparison] restore refresh renovate
restore 多用于书面语，常指在耗尽、枯竭或病倒后恢复到原来的正常状态，也可指由于天长日久、事故、战火而遭损坏和伤害之后，恢复到原先状态；或指在失去某种重要的、基本的性质特点后恢复到原来的状态。
refresh 常指提供某种必要的东西使精力恢复，使精神振作或使失去的东西得到补充。
renovate 几乎只用于物质方面的东西、不能用于抽象的东西，而且也不那么富有文采，不那么富有修辞意味或诗意。它仅表示打扫、整修或翻新使某物、尤其是某座旧建筑，使之焕然一新。
Compare
1) We sincerely hope that you will soon be restored to
health. 我们衷心希望你早日恢复健康。
2）Sleep refreshes both body and mind. 睡眠使身心得到恢复。
3）The house cannot be renovated. 这房子已无法修复了。
8. exaggerate v. make (sth.) seem larger,
better, worse etc. than it really is, beyond the truth
e.g.1) He always
exaggerates to make his stories more amusing. 他总爱添枝加叶，把故事讲得更有趣。
2) That dress
exaggerates her height. 她穿那连衣裙显得高了。
[derivation] exaggerated a. 夸张的；exaggeration n. 夸张
e.g. He
has an exaggerated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高。
9. mob n.
large disorderly crowd, esp. one that has gathered to attack or cause mischief无秩序的民众，（尤指）暴民
e.g. The fans rushed
onto the pitch in an excited mob. 球迷群情激昂，一窝蜂涌进球场。
10. elderly a.（常作委婉语）rather old, past middle
age 过了中年的，上了年纪的
[comparison] aged
old elderly elder
old 主要强调人处于年龄的后一阶段，还表示人和动物“老的”或东西“陈旧”。
elderly 强调年岁已过中年、渐老的意思，常意味着尊严而不是累赘。
elder 意为“年纪较长的”，用于指家庭兄弟姐妹之间的年龄较长者或一群人中年龄较大者。
aged 在表示年岁已高的同时，还有衰弱的含义。
Compare:
1）His mother is beginning to look old. 他母亲开始显老了。
2）You should respect elderly people. 你应该尊敬上了岁数的人们。
3）She is my elder daugher. 她是我的大女儿。
4）The sick and the aged need our help. 病人和老年人需要我们的帮助。
11. preoccupy v. engage (sb or his mind,
thought, etc.) so that he cann’t think of other things, obsess 占据（某人）思想，迷住
e.g. Something seems to be preoccupying her at the moment. 他此刻若有所思。[derivation] preoccupied a. 心不在焉的，心事重重的； preoccupation n. 心不在焉，心事重重
12. uncivilized a. impolite
[derivation] civilize v. 使开化，文明
e.g. His
wife has had a civilizing influence on him. 他妻子对改进他举止言谈有潜移默化的影响。
Step
5: Language point practice
1. “ I see what you mean ”
1) A wonders why B
always refuses to go on a trip. Finally she understands.
A: What makes you always
refuse to go somewhere with us ?
B: Well, haven’t you
considered the fact that everything costs a lot of money?
A: Ah, now I see what you
mean.
2) A wallks whenever she could. B wonders. After A explains,
he finally sees the point.
3) A eats sparingly these days. B asks . . . A explains.
2. “unless”
1) A promises B to act a part in a play, but she has one
condition.
A: All
right, I’ll act the part of Jo, but there’s one thing I want to ask of you.
B: What?
A: I won’t
have anything to do with the play unless you let me have my way.
2) B asks A to go on a picnic, A says yes, but he will go
only under one condition.
3) A promises to
. . . for B, but B has to . . . for her.
3. “ignore”
1) A shares a room with a rude student. He doesn’t know what
to do with him.
A: My roommate is very annoying,
especially with his rude manners. I’m thinking of moving out to a new place.
B: It’s not easy to find a room in
the middle of the semester. I think it’s sometimes best just to ignore rude
people.
2) A see B very
upset and asks him / her what the problem is. B explains that his /her what the
problem is. B explains that his / her motorcycle was taken away by a police
officer because he / she paid no attention to the traffic lights when riding
last night and got into trouble.
3) A leaves for school and his / her mother reminds him / her
of not neglecting his / her home work again.
Step 6: retell the story in your own words
Step 7: Role—play
Sample role cards:
|
Role card 1—You
are Bao. You are a retired English teacher. You have come to City A for a
visit from |
|
Role card 2—You
are Fan. You are a middle school English teacher in City A. Bao Laoshi,
your former teacher , has come from |
Step 1: Explain the useful words and expressions
Step 2: Ask the students to read and role-play the
dialogue.
Step 3:Ask the students to make their own
dialogues according to the given cues and situations and practice aster class
and check it next time.
Step 1: Ask the students some questions
1. What does nightmare mean?
2. What happened to the author when he went
into the shop?
3. What was the author accused of?
4. What is a clear-cut case?
5. What was it that the author was most
unhappy about this store?
Step 2: Understanding the structure of the text
Step 3: language focal points
1. hospitality
n. friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests
e.g. Thank you for
your kind hospitality. 谢谢你的盛情款待。
[derivation] hospitable a. 好客的
2. opaque a. not allowing light to pass
through, not transparent; not clear不透的；不清晰的，难懂的
e.g. I
felt his report was deliberately opaque. 我觉得他的报告故意含糊其辩。
[comparison] opaque vague
vague 表示“不清楚的”，“模糊的”之意，引申为“含混的”
opaque 则表示“不透明的”，“不反光的”，“暗的”之意，引申为“难了解的”，“晦涩的”。
.1）We can see the vague outlines of the mountains from here. 从这儿我们可以看到那些山脉的大体轮廓。
2) There was a shower with an opaque glass door. 有一套配着不透光玻璃门的淋浴设备。
3.sensible a.
reasonable合理的
You must try to be more sensible. 你得懂点儿好歹。
[comparison] sensitive
sensible
sensitive 易生气的，敏感的
He’s very
sensitive about being small, so don’t mention it. 他对自己个子矮小神经过敏，可别提这件事。
4. vicious a. acting or done with evil
intentions, spiteful
5 innocence n.（of a person）being not guilty
Do something in
innocence (without any evil intention). 做事心无杂念。
[derivation] innocent a. 纯真的，清白无罪的
Don’t be so
innocent as to believe everything the politicians tell you. 别那么幼稚，以为政客说的一切都是可信的。
5. furious a.
full of violent anger 大发雷霆
She was absolutely
furious at his behavior.
derivation] fury n. 大发雷霆
She flew into a
fury when I wouldn’t lend her any money. 我不借给她钱，她顿时勃然大怒。
6. ruthless a. cruel, having
or slowing no pity; never stopping
.1) She showed
ruthless disregard for other people’s feelings. 对别人的感情漠不关心。
2) Once you
decide, set off at a ruthless pace. 一旦决定就要勇往直前。
7. fragile, a.
easily damaged or broken, delicate, weak 易碎的，弱的
Human happiness
is so fragile. 人生幸福易逝。
[Comparison] faint weak feeble fragile
faint 意为“虚弱的”，“眩晕的”，指人在某一时刻感觉虚弱，支持不住甚至就要晕倒了，这种虚弱通常不是天生的体质上虚弱，而是由于某种原因造成的暂时的虚弱。
fragile 意为“脆弱的”，指物体容易打碎，或人容易受伤害、体质虚弱，也可指抽象事物不稳定、易被破坏。
frail 意为“虚弱的”，“脆弱的”。指人天生的体格孱弱或营养不良而体格瘦小。
weak和feeble均可表示“虚弱”、“衰弱”。weak为常用词，既可指体力也可指心力上的衰弱。
feeble 意义较窄，指人因患病而精力或体力衰竭，含令人怜悯或轻蔑之义。
1) He felt faint through lack of food. 由于没有进食他感到虚弱无力。
2)The spirit of the little boy is a fragile thing and not to
be pushed around beyond endurance. 这个小男孩的心灵极其脆弱，不要超出他的忍耐限度去摆布他。3) There are a
lot of frail and undernourished children in
4) He is weak in mind and body. 他身心虚弱。
5) The old woman is too feeble to do her own shopping. 这位老妇人弱不禁风，自己不能买东西。
Step 1: Study the form of a complaint letter.
Step 2: Analyze the letter
Step 3: study some key words and expressions in
reading 2
Guided
Writing:
Step1: Explain the meaning and usage of the
following attitude words and phrases.
Ⅰ. 1. b. Of course means “As
a matter of course”, or “Surely”, signalling “certainty”.
(a. with certainty refers to a personal
feeling of being certain about
Something; unfit.
c. Really
refers to a pack; unfit in this contest. )
2. c. To my surprise indicates the writer’s
surprise.
(a. To be surprising means “in order t0
make something surprising; unfit.
b. To
surprise me means “in order to make me surprised” ;unfit.)
3. c. honestly
means “truthfully”, signaling “it was true that …”
(a. sincerely means
“free from falseness” ; unfit.
b. to be frank
means “not hiding any thoughts or feelings” ;unfit)
4. c. truly means “indeed” here.
(a. personally
refers to one’s personal opinion; unfit.
b. Admittedly
means “it must be admitted”, not so definite and strong as truly.)
5. b. natural
means “in a manner to be expected”.
(a. certain means “leaving no doubt” ;
unfit.
c. obvious means “clear”,
“easy to see”; unfit.)
1. a. Admittedly means “ it must be
admitted”.
(b. Properly means “suitably,” “correctly”; unfit.
c. Clearly means “to state in a clear manner”; unfit.)
Step 2:Learning to write a note accepting an
invitation usually includes:
A note accepting
an invitation usually includes:
1、appreciation of being invited
2、his / her certainty of having a good
time
3、his / her assurance of being punctual /
his / her apology for having to be late (optional)
4、his / her offer of help (optional)
5、his / her looking forward to the
occasion
Assignment:
1:Reading aloud: Dialogue1,
Dialogue2,
2;Prepare for the exercises in
the workbook and students book.
3:Prevision for Unit 3
4:Supplementary exercises for
band 4